Makeflow is a workflow engine for executing large complex applications on clusters, clouds, and grids. It can be used to drive several different distributed computing systems, including Condor, SGE, and the included Work Queue system. It does not require a distributed filesystem, so you can use it to harness whatever collection of machines you have available. It is typically used for scaling up data-intensive scientific applications to hundreds or thousands of cores.
Parrot and Chirp are user-level tools that make it easy to rapidly deploy wide area filesystems. Parrot is the client component: it transparently attaches to unmodified applications, and redirects their system calls to various remote servers. A variety of controls can be applied to modify the namespace and resources available to the application. Chirp is the server component: it allows an ordinary user to easily export and share storage across the wide area with a single command. A rich access control system allows users to mix and match multiple authentication types. Parrot and Chirp are most useful in the context of large scale distributed systems such as clusters, clouds, and grids where one may have limited permissions to install software.
Lightweight markup languages and XML grammars for writing prose and screenplays.